英汉词典

capital 基本解释

• n. 首都，省会；资金；大写字母；资本家
• adj. 首都的；重要的；大写的
• n. (Capital)人名；(法)卡皮塔尔

capital 词态变化

capital 中文词源

来自词根cap, 头，词义外延不断扩大。

capital 英文词源

capital

capital: [13] Etymologically, capital is something that is at the top or ‘head’; it comes from Latin caput ‘head’. The various current English uses of the word reached us, however, by differing routes. The first to come was the adjective, which originally meant simply ‘of the head’ (Milton in Paradise lost wrote of the Serpent’s ‘capital bruise’, meaning the bruise to its head); this came via Old French capital from Latin capitālis, a derivative of caput.

The other senses of the adjective have derived from this: ‘capital punishment’, for instance, comes from the notion of a crime which, figuratively speaking, affects the head, or life. Its use as a noun dates from the 17th century: the immediate source of the financial sense is Italian capitale. The architectural capital ‘top of a column’ (as in ‘Corinthian capitals’) also comes from Latin caput, but in this case the intermediate form was the diminutive capitellum ‘little head’, which reached English in the 14th century via Old French capitel.
=> cattle, chapter, head

capital (adj.)

early 13c., "of or pertaining to the head," from Old French capital, from Latin capitalis "of the head," hence "capital, chief, first," from caput (genitive capitis) "head" (see capitulum). Meaning "main, principal, chief, dominant, most important" is from early 15c. in English. Capital letter for an upper case one is attested from late 14c. The modern informal sense of "excellent, first-rate" is dated from 1762 in OED (as an exclamation of approval, OED's first example is 1875), perhaps from earlier use of the word in reference to ships, "first-rate, powerful enough to be in the line of battle," attested from 1650s, fallen into disuse after 1918.

A capital crime (1520s) is one that affects the life or "head;" capital had a sense of "deadly, mortal" from late 14c. in English, a sense also found in Latin. The felt connection between "head" and "life, mortality" also existed in Old English: as in heafodgilt "deadly sin, capital offense," heafdes þolian "to forfeit life." Capital punishment was in Blackstone (1765) and classical Latin capitis poena. Capital gain is recorded from 1921. Capital goods is recorded from 1899. Related: Capitally.

capital (n.1)

early 15c., "a capital letter," from capital (adj.). The meaning "capital city" is first recorded 1660s (the Old English word was heafodstol). The financial sense is from 1610s (Middle English had chief money "principal fund," mid-14c.), from Medieval Latin capitale "stock, property," noun use of neuter of capitalis "capital, chief, first." (The noun use of this adjective in classical Latin was for "a capital crime.")

[The term capital] made its first appearance in medieval Latin as an adjective capitalis (from caput, head) modifying the word pars, to designate the principal sum of a money loan. The principal part of a loan was contrasted with the "usury"--later called interest--the payment made to the lender in addition to the return of the sum lent. This usage, unknown to classical Latin, had become common by the thirteenth century and possibly had begun as early as 1100 A.D., in the first chartered towns of Europe. [Frank A. Fetter, "Reformulation of the Concepts of Capital and Income in Economics and Accounting," 1937, in "Capital, Interest, & Rent," 1977]

Also see cattle, and compare sense development of fee, pecuniary.

capital (n.2)

"head of a column or pillar," late 13c., from Anglo-French capitel, Old French chapitel, or directly from Latin capitellum "little head," diminutive of caput (see capitulum).

capital 词组搭配

capital 英文释义

1. assets available for use in the production of further assets

2. wealth in the form of money or property owned by a person or business and human resources of economic value

3. a seat of government

4. one of the large alphabetic characters used as the first letter in writing or printing proper names and sometimes for emphasis;

"printers once kept the type for capitals and for small letters in separate cases; capitals were kept in the upper half of the type case and so became known as upper-case letters"

5. the upper part of a column that supports the entablature

capital 同义词解析

chief, principal, main, major, leading, capital, foremost, primary

这些形容词均含有"首要的，主要的"之意。

chief： 指人时，表同类中职位最高，权力最大；指物时，表同类中最重要，价值最高。

principal： 用于人时，指地位优于其他人；用于物时，指该物在大小、重要性等方面优于他物。

main： 通常只用于物。指在一定范围内，某物的重要性、体积或力量等超过其它物。

major： 指同其他人或其它物、问题等相比较，显得更加重要和突出。

leading： 侧重指具有影响力或凝聚力。从而有主导和引导的作用。

capital： 着重指因重要性、意义、优越或重大而名列同类之首。

foremost： 侧重指在行进或发展过程中居首位。

primary： 通常不用于人。用于物时，指在重要性方面占第一位。

capital 双语例句

1. You have to take capital appreciation of the property into account.

你必须将该处房产的资本增值考虑在内。

来自柯林斯例句

2. There are reports of widespread dis-content in the capital.

有报道称首都弥漫着不满的情绪。

来自柯林斯例句

3. The President's unescorted vehicle was ambushed just outside the capital.

刚出首都，总统无人护卫的汽车就遭到了伏击。

来自柯林斯例句

4. What other home offers such a commanding view of the capital?

还有其他的房子能像这幢一样俯瞰首都吗？

来自柯林斯例句

5. The radio said other parts of the capital also came under shellfire.

广播上说首都的其他地区也遭到了炮火袭击。

来自柯林斯例句

capital 实用场景例句

capital and labour

资方与劳方

牛津词典

Use block capitals (= separate capital letters) .

使用大写字母。

牛津词典

Please write in capitals/in capital letters .

请用大写字母书写。

牛津词典

The opposition parties are making political capital out of the government's problems.

各反对党都在利用政府存在的问题捞取政治资本。

牛津词典

a capital offence

死罪

牛津词典

English is written with a capital ‘E ’.

English一词中字母E大写。

牛津词典

He was romantic with a capital R.

他纯属浪漫派。

牛津词典

capital expenditure (= money that an organization spends on buildings, equipment, etc.)

资本投资

牛津词典

capital assets

资本资产

牛津词典

(figurative)Paris, the fashion capital of the world

巴黎——世界时装之都

牛津词典

Cairo is the capital of Egypt.

开罗是埃及的首都。

牛津词典

to set up a business with a starting capital of £100 000

以10万英镑为启动资金创办一个企业

牛津词典

Espionage is a capital offence in this country.

在这个国家,从事间谍活动是死罪。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...Americans wrongly convicted of capital crimes.

被误判死罪的美国人

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He rebuked the President for trying to make political capital out of the hostage situation.

他谴责总统试图利用人质事件捞取政治利益。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

She's not feminist with a capital F but she's fairly controversial.

她不是个真正意义上的女权主义者,但却是个颇具争议的人物。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The name and address are written in capitals.

姓名和地址是大写的。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

A large amount of capital is invested in all these branches.

一大笔资金投入了各分公司。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...capital equipment that could have served to increase production.

本可以用来增加产出的资产设备

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...capital investment.

资本投资

柯林斯高阶英语词典

With a conventional repayment mortgage, the repayments consist of both capital and interest.

常规的按揭还款额既包含本金也包括利息。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...Katmandu, the capital of Nepal.

尼泊尔首都加德满都

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Colmar has long been considered the capital of the wine trade.

科尔马长期以来一直被视为葡萄酒贸易中心。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...New York, the fashion capital of the world.

纽约,世界时尚之都

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Companies are having difficulty in raising capital...

各公司融资困难。

柯林斯高阶英语词典