英汉词典

dog 基本解释

• n. 狗；丑女人；卑鄙的人；(俚)朋友
• vt. 跟踪；尾随

dog 词态变化

dog 中文词源

词源不详，神秘词。

dog 英文词源

dog

dog: [11] Dog is one of the celebrated mystery words of English etymology. It appears once in late Old English, in the Prudentius glosses, where it translates Latin canis, but its use does not seem to have proliferated until the 13th century, and it did not replace the native hound as the main word for the animal until the 16th century. It has no known relatives of equal antiquity in other European languages, although several borrowed it in the 16th and 17th centuries for particular sorts of ‘dog’: German dogge ‘large dog, such as a mastiff’, for instance, French dogue ‘mastiff’, and Swedish dogg ‘bulldog’.

dog (n.)

Old English docga, a late, rare word, used in at least one Middle English source in reference to a powerful breed of canine. The word forced out Old English hund (the general Germanic and Indo-European word; see canine) by 16c. and subsequently was picked up in many continental languages (French dogue (16c.), Danish dogge, German Dogge (16c.)), but the origin remains one of the great mysteries of English etymology.

Many expressions -- a dog's life (c. 1600), go to the dogs (1610s), etc. -- reflect earlier hard use of the animals as hunting accessories, not pampered pets. In ancient times, "the dog" was the worst throw in dice (attested in Greek, Latin, and Sanskrit, where the word for "the lucky player" was literally "the dog-killer"), which plausibly explains the Greek word for "danger," kindynas, which appears to be "play the dog."

Slang meaning "ugly woman" is from 1930s; that of "sexually aggressive man" is from 1950s. Adjectival phrase dog-eat-dog attested by 1850s. Dog tag is from 1918. To dog-ear a book is from 1650s; dog-eared in extended sense of "worn, unkempt" is from 1894.

Notwithstanding, as a dog hath a day, so may I perchance have time to declare it in deeds. [Princess Elizabeth, 1550]

Phrase put on the dog "get dressed up" (1934) may look back to the stiff stand-up shirt collars that in the 1890s were the height of male fashion (and were known as dog-collars at least from 1883), with reference to collars worn by dogs. The common Spanish word for "dog," perro, also is a mystery word of unknown origin, perhaps from Iberian. A group of Slavic "dog" words (Old Church Slavonic pisu, Polish pies, Serbo-Croatian pas) likewise are of unknown origin.

dog (v.)

"to track like a dog," 1510s, see dog (n.). Related: Dogged; dogging.

dog 词组搭配

dog 英文释义

1. a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds;

"the dog barked all night"

2. a dull unattractive unpleasant girl or woman;

"she got a reputation as a frump"

"she's a real dog"

3. informal term for a man;

"you lucky dog"

4. someone who is morally reprehensible;

"you dirty dog"

5. a smooth-textured sausage of minced beef or pork usually smoked; often served on a bread roll

6. a hinged catch that fits into a notch of a ratchet to move a wheel forward or prevent it from moving backward

7. metal supports for logs in a fireplace;

"the andirons were too hot to touch"

dog 双语例句

1. Politicians want a lap-dog press which will uncritically report their propaganda.

政客们想要的是不问是非、甘为他们搞宣传的哈巴狗一样的新闻媒体。

来自柯林斯例句

2. With a snarl, the second dog made a dive for his heel.

伴着一声嗥叫，第二只狗扑向了他的脚后跟。

来自柯林斯例句

3. As soon as he got inside, the dog shook himself.

他一进来，狗就开始摇头摆尾。

来自柯林斯例句

4. The policeman smiled at her. "Pretty dog."— "Oh well, thank you."

警察冲她笑了笑，“这狗真漂亮。”——“哦，谢谢。”

来自柯林斯例句

5. You left the latch off the gate and the dog escaped.

你没把门闩插上，所以狗跑了。

来自柯林斯例句

dog 实用场景例句

You dirty dog!

你这个下流坯！

牛津词典

I'm afraid in this line of work it's a case of dog eat dog.

恐怕在这种行业中竞争是残酷无情的。

牛津词典

We're operating in a dog-eat-dog world.

我们是在一个残酷竞争的世界里立足。

牛津词典

He's made a real dog's breakfast of these accounts.

他把这些账目简直搞得一塌糊涂。

牛津词典

This firm's gone to the dogs since the new management took over.

这个公司自新的管理人员接手以来日渐衰败。

牛津词典

He hasn't a dog's chance of passing the exam.

他根本不可能通过这次考试。

牛津词典

He had been dogged by bad health all his life.

他一生多病，备受折磨。

牛津词典

She had the impression that someone was dogging her steps.

她感觉到有人在尾随她。

牛津词典

Her last movie was an absolute dog.

她的最后一部影片彻底砸锅了。

牛津词典

a dog and her puppies

母狗和它的狗崽儿

牛津词典

dog food

狗食

牛津词典

guard dogs

看家狗

牛津词典

I could hear a dog barking.

我听到犬吠声。

牛津词典

I took the dog for a walk.

我遛狗去了。

牛津词典

Why can't she let sleeping dogs lie?

为什么她就不能不多事？

柯林斯高阶英语词典

They sit in impotent opposition while the country goes to the dogs.

国家败落之际，他们加入了软弱无力的反对党。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The TV business today is a dog-eat-dog business.

当前电视业的竞争残酷无情。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

It is very much dog eat dog out there...

那儿的竞争异常残酷。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Our own Board are going to make a dog's breakfast out of it if we aren't careful.

如果我们不小心行事，我们的董事会就会乱成一团。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The whole place was a bit of a dog's dinner, really...

整个地方乌烟瘴气的，真的。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The problems that have dogged him all year are just a temporary setback...

一时的挫折竟困扰了他一整年。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

His career has been dogged by bad luck.

他在事业上一直不走运。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

It's a real dog.

这实在是蹩脚货。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

How can you go out with her? She's a real dog.

你怎么能和她谈恋爱呢？她简直就是个恐龙。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...a dog fox.

公狐狸

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Is this a dog or a bitch?

这是公狗还是母狗?

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The dog growled again...

狗又在狂吠。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Outside, a dog was barking...

外面，一只狗在叫。

柯林斯高阶英语词典