英汉词典

subject 基本解释

• n. 主题；科目；[语] 主语；国民
• adj. 服从的；易患…的；受制于…的
• vt. 使…隶属；使屈从于…

subject 词态变化

subject 中文词源

sub-,在下，-ject,投掷，扔，词源同 project,projectile.字面意思即扔在下面，引申词义被制服， 被控制，国民，臣民。后引申词义扔在下面，构成基础，主题，题目等。

subject 英文词源

subject

subject: [14] To subject something is etymologically to ‘throw it under’. The verb comes via Old French subjecter from Latin sujectāre, which was formed from subjectus, the past participle of Latin subicere ‘bring down’. This in turn was a compound verb formed from the prefix sub- ‘under’ and jacere ‘throw’ (source also of English abject [15], adjacent, adjective, conjecture, dejected [15], inject [17], jet, jettison, jetty, reject [15], etc).

The noun subject, which also came from Latin subjectus, originally denoted a person ‘subjected’ to the control of another (as in ‘the Queen’s subjects’). The most salient modern sense, ‘topic’, comes ultimately from the notion of ‘that which is operated on by something else’.
=> abject, adjacent, adjective, conjecture, dejected, inject, jet, jettison, jetty, object, reject

subject (n.)

early 14c., "person under control or dominion of another," specifically a government or ruler, from Old French sogit, suget, subget "a subject person or thing" (12c., Modern French sujet), from noun use of Latin subiectus "lying under, below, near bordering on," figuratively "subjected, subdued," past participle of subicere, subiicere "to place under, throw under, bind under; to make subject, subordinate," from sub "under" (see sub-) + combining form of iacere "to throw" (see jet (v.)). In 14c., sugges, sogetis, subgit, sugette; form re-Latinized in English 16c.

Meaning "person or thing regarded as recipient of action, one that may be acted upon" is recorded from 1590s. Grammatical sense is recorded from 1630s, from Latin subjectum "grammatical subject," noun use of the neuter of the Latin past participle. Likewise some restricted uses in logic and philosophy are borrowed directly from Latin subjectum as "foundation or subject of a proposition," a loan-translation of Aristotle's to hypokeimenon. Meaning "subject matter of an art or science" is attested from 1540s, probably short for subject matter (late 14c.), which is from Medieval Latin subjecta materia, a loan translation of Greek hypokeimene hyle (Aristotle), literally "that which lies beneath."

subject (v.)

late 14c., "to make (a person or nation) subject to another by force," also "to render submissive or dependent," from Medieval Latin subiectare "place beneath," frequentative of Latin subicere "to make subject, subordinate" (see subject (n.)). Meaning "to lay open or expose to (some force or occurrence)" is recorded from early 15c. (implied in subjected). Related: Subjecting.

subject (adj.)

early 14c., from Old French suget, subject (Modern French sujet), from Latin subiectus (see subject (n.)).

subject 英文释义

1. the subject matter of a conversation or discussion;

"he didn't want to discuss that subject"

"it was a very sensitive topic"

"his letters were always on the theme of love"

2. some situation or event that is thought about;

"he kept drifting off the topic"

"he had been thinking about the subject for several years"

"it is a matter for the police"

3. a branch of knowledge;

"in what discipline is his doctorate?"

"teachers should be well trained in their subject"

"anthropology is the study of human beings"

4. something (a person or object or scene) selected by an artist or photographer for graphic representation;

"a moving picture of a train is more dramatic than a still picture of the same subject"

5. a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation;

"the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly"

"the cases that we studied were drawn from two different communities"

6. a person who owes allegiance to that nation;

"a monarch has a duty to his subjects"

7. (grammar) one of the two main constituents of a sentence; the grammatical constituent about which something is predicated

8. (logic) the first term of a proposition

subject 同义词解析

issue, subject, theme, topic

这些名词均有"主题，话题"之意。

issue： 指有争论、议论，急需讨论研究的热点话题。

subject： 一般用词，使用广泛。指书籍、文章、演讲、讨论等中所隐含的、暗示的，需要由读者或听众推断的主题或中心话题。

theme： 系正式用词，多指文学、艺术作品的主题，或论文、演说的主题。

topic： 普通用词，含义广泛，但其范畴小于subject。既可指文章、讲话的题目，谈话的内容，又可指提纲中的标题甚至段落的主题或中心思想。

liable, apt, likely, prone, subject

这些形容词均含"倾向于……的；易于……的"之意。

liable： 指易于产生某种不利的结果，侧重偶然性，常表示警告或提醒。

apt： 口语中常用，指自然的或习惯的倾向，无特殊的褒贬意味，常指在一般情况下发生的事。

likely： 侧重可能性，用于指将来，预言希望或所不希望的结果。

prone： 多用于人，着重其本性，或倾向于某种错误、弱点或不良行为等。

subject： 指确实可以察觉的倾向，也就是总结出来的规律。

subject 双语例句

1. In the car she reverted to the subject uppermost in her mind.

在车里，她又提起了她最关心的话题。

来自柯林斯例句

2. The empirical evidence considered here is subject to many qualifications.

此处提及的实验证据有诸多限制条件。

来自柯林斯例句

3. The drama takes an idealistic, even a naive view of the subject.

这部戏在对待这一主题上有些理想化，甚至是天真。

来自柯林斯例句

4. All through lunch he had carefully avoided the subject of the house.

整个午饭期间，他一直在小心翼翼地回避房子的话题。

来自柯林斯例句

5. The subject came up during a pre-dinner drink with our guests.

在与客人喝餐前酒的时候，有人提到了这个话题。

来自柯林斯例句

subject 实用场景例句

an unpleasant subject of conversation

不愉快的话题

牛津词典

books on many different subjects

题材广泛的各种书籍

牛津词典

a magazine article on the subject of space travel

一篇谈航天旅行的杂志文章

牛津词典

I have nothing more to say on the subject.

关于这个问题，我再没有要说的了。

牛津词典

I wish you'd change the subject (= talk about sth else) .

我希望你换个话题。

牛津词典

How did we get onto the subject of marriage?

我们怎么谈到婚姻问题上了？

牛津词典

We seem to have got off the subject we're meant to be discussing.

我们似乎偏离了应当讨论的题目。

牛津词典

Nelson Mandela is the subject of a new biography.

纳尔逊·曼德拉是一本新传记的传主。

牛津词典

Climate change is still very much a subject for debate .

气候变化很大程度上仍是一个争论的话题。

牛津词典

It was I who first raised the subject of plastic surgery.

是我第一个提到整形手术这个话题的。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...the president's own views on the subject.

总统在此问题上的个人观点

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Over the past few years, some of the positions Mr. Meredith has adopted have made him the subject of criticism...

在过去的几年里，梅雷迪思先生所采取的某些立场使他成为了批评的对象。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He's now the subject of an official inquiry.

他现在是官方调查的对象。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Surprisingly, mathematics was voted their favourite subject.

令人惊讶的是，数学课被选为他们最喜欢的科目。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...a tutor in maths and science subjects.

辅导数学和理科课程的家教

柯林斯高阶英语词典

'White noise' was played into the subject's ears through headphones...

让受试者通过耳机听“白噪声”。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Subjects in the study were asked to follow a modified diet.

要求研究对象按改进的食谱进食。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Her favourite subjects are shells spotted on beach walks.

她最喜爱的题材是那些在海边散步时发现的贝壳。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Prices may be subject to alteration...

价格可能会有所变动。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

In addition, interest on Treasury issues isn't subject to state and local income taxes.

另外，国债利息不需缴纳政府和地方所得税。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The tribunal is unique because Mr Jones is not subject to the normal police discipline code.

因为琼斯先生不受一般的治安条例法规约束，所以专门设立了特别法庭。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...arguing that as a sovereign state it could not be subject to another country's laws.

争论说作为一个主权国家其不受其他国家法律的约束

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...the man who had subjected her to four years of beatings and abuse...

使她遭受了 4 年毒打和辱骂的男人

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Innocent civilians are being arrested and subjected to inhumane treatment.

无辜的平民正被逮捕并遭受非人的虐待。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...his subjects regarded him as a great and wise monarch...

他的臣民把他视为伟大而英明的君主

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Roughly half of them are British subjects.

他们中大约有一半是英国国民。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The subject peoples of her empire were anxious for their own independence.

她的帝国中被迫向她臣服的民族迫切渴望自身的独立。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...colonies and other subject territories.

殖民地和其他臣服的属地

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He tried to change the subject, but she wasn't to be put off.

他努力想换个话题，但她却兴趣正浓。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

They denied a report that Egypt had agreed to a summit, subject to certain conditions.

他们否认了宣称埃及已同意在特定条件下参加峰会的报道。

柯林斯高阶英语词典