英汉词典

by 基本解释

• prep. 通过；被；依据；经由；在附近；在……之前
• adv. 通过；经过；附近；[互联网] 白俄罗斯的国家代码顶级域名

by 中文词源

来自PIE *ambhi, 在周围的。bhi, 同前缀bi-, 两。词源同two.

by 英文词源

by

by: [OE] By comes from a prehistoric Germanic *bi, which appears ultimately to be the same form as the second syllable of Latin ambi- (as in ambidextrous), Greek amphí (as in amphitheatre), and Old English ymbe, all of which meant ‘on both sides, round’. The original meaning of by thus seems to be ‘close to, near’. By is the basis of the prefix be-, as in befall and belong.

by (prep.)

Old English be- (unstressed) or bi (stressed) "near, in, by, during, about," from Proto-Germanic *bi "around, about" (cognates: Old Saxon and Old Frisian bi "by near," Middle Dutch bie, Dutch bij, German bei "by, at, near," Gothic bi "about"), from *umbi (cognate with second element in PIE *ambhi "around;" see ambi-).

Originally an adverbial particle of place, in which sense it is retained in place names (Whitby, Grimsby, etc.). Elliptical use for "secondary course" (opposed to main, as in byway, also compare by-blow "illegitimate child," 1590s) was in Old English. This also is the sense of the second by in the phrase by the by (1610s). By the way literally means "in passing by" (mid-14c.); used figuratively to introduce a tangential observation by 1540s.

Phrase by and by (early 14c.) originally meant "one by one," modern sense is from 1520s. By and large (1660s) originally was nautical, "sailing to the wind and off it," hence "in one direction then another."

by 词组搭配

by 英文释义

1. so as to pass a given point;

"every hour a train goes past"

2. in reserve; not for immediate use;

"started setting aside money to buy a car"

"put something by for her old age"

"has a nestegg tucked away for a rainy day"

by 双语例句

1. Doctors are complaining about being barraged by drug-company salesmen.

医生们抱怨他们疲于应付医药公司的销售人员。

来自柯林斯例句

2. He was hand-picked for this job by the Admiral.

他是由海军上将精心挑选出来担任这项工作的。

来自柯林斯例句

3. Barry had his nose put out of joint by Lucy's aloof sophistication.

露西的冷淡与世故使得巴里十分不快。

来自柯林斯例句

4. Nora was deflowered by a man who worked in a soda-water factory.

在汽水厂工作的一个男子夺去了诺拉的童贞。

来自柯林斯例句

5. You can improve your chances of profit by sensible planning.

你可以通过合理计划来提高盈利的机会。

来自柯林斯例句

by 实用场景例句

By eight o'clock he had arrived at my hotel...

到8点时，他已经到达我住的宾馆了。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

We all knew by then that the affair was practically over.

到那时，我们都知道事情实际上已经结束了。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

By day a woman could safely walk the streets, but at night the pavements became dangerous...

白天的时候，妇女可以安全地在街上行走，而到了夜晚人行道上会变得很危险。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

She had no wish to hurry alone through the streets of London by night.

她可不想独自在夜晚匆匆走过伦敦的街道。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...an apparent annual rate of 22.8 per cent (1.9 multiplied by 12)...

22.8%的名义年率（1.9乘以12）

柯林斯高阶英语词典

230cm divided by 22cm is 10.45cm.

230厘米除以22厘米等于10.45厘米。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Daddy called and asked me to drop by his office.

爸爸打来电话让我去他办公室一趟。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...evening wear that was discreet by his standards.

以他的标准来看相当朴素的晚礼服

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Stella knew what he meant by 'start again'...

斯特拉知道他说“重来”是什么意思。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

'You're unbelievably lucky.' — 'What do you mean by that?'

“你真是太幸运了。”——“你这话是什么意思？”

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He caught her by the shoulder and turned her around...

他抓住她的肩膀把她的身子转了过来。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

She was led by the arm to a small room at the far end of the corridor...

她被拉着胳膊带到走廊另一头的一个小房间里。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Judith was sitting in a rocking-chair by the window...

朱迪丝正坐在窗户边的一张摇椅里。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Felicity Maxwell stood by the bar and ordered a glass of wine...

费利西蒂·马克斯韦尔站在吧台旁，要了一杯红酒。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

A few cars passed close by me...

几辆车贴着我开过去。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He kept walking and passed by me on his side of the street.

他一直在街对面走着，并与街这边的我交错而过。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

We had made arrangements to stop by her house in Pacific Grove...

我们已安排好去造访她位于帕西菲克格罗夫的家。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Pharmacists are required by law to give the medicine prescribed by the doctor.

法律规定药剂师必须按照医生开的处方配药。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The feast was served by his mother and sisters...

这顿美餐是他母亲和他的姐妹们准备的。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I was amazed by their discourtesy and lack of professionalism...

他们的无礼和不专业让我震惊。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...a painting by Van Gogh...

一幅凡·高的画

柯林斯高阶英语词典

'Jacob's Ladder', the newest film by Adrian Lyne, is a post-Vietnam horror story.

阿德里安·莱恩的最新电影《雅各的天梯》讲的是一个发生在越战后的恐怖故事。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

We'll be travelling by car.

我们将开车旅行。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...dinners by candlelight.

烛光晚餐

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Make the sauce by boiling the cream and stock together in a pan...

把奶油和高汤一起放在平底锅里熬煮来制作调味料。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The all-female yacht crew made history by becoming the first to sail round the world...

这艘游艇的船员为清一色的女性，她们进行了首次环球航行，创造了历史。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I met him by chance out walking yesterday...

我昨天外出散步时碰巧遇见了他。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

He opened Ingrid's letter by mistake...

他不小心拆了英格丽德的信。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I am certainly lucky to have a kind wife who is loving by nature...

拥有一个天性仁爱的贤妻，我当然很幸运。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

She's a nurse by profession and now runs a counselling service for women...

她的职业是护士，现在开办了一个妇女咨询中心。

柯林斯高阶英语词典