英汉词典

shark 基本解释

• n. 鲨鱼；骗子
• vi. 诈骗
• vt. 敲诈

shark 词态变化

shark 中文词源

词源不详，可能来自加勒比某土著语言 xok,由 16 世纪英国海军将军 Sir John Hawkins 引入 英语，并引申比喻义诈骗者，骗子。也有观点认为该词本来词义就是诈骗者，骗子，后用于 指这种凶猛的鱼。

在16世纪之前，英国水手们将鲨鱼称为“sea dog”，因为它们会像狗一样咬人。直到现在，英语中依然使用dogfish来称呼很多种小型鲨鱼。16世纪50年代，英国著名的航海探险家、商人及海盗约翰•霍金斯（John Hawkins）在一次前往新大陆的远航中，在加勒比海域捕获了一条巨大的鲨鱼，将其制成标本带回了英国伦敦并展出。在对外介绍这条鲨鱼时，霍金斯的水手们将其称为sharke，该词很有可能来自美洲土著人对鲨鱼的称呼。现代英语单词shark就来源于此。

shark：[ʃɑːk] n.鲨鱼，骗子v.敲诈，诈骗

shark 英文词源

shark

shark: [16] The origins of the word shark are obscure. It appears to have been introduced to English in the late 1560s by members of Sir John Hawkins’ expedition (a ballad of 1569 recorded ‘There is no proper name for [the fish] that I know, but that certain men of Captain Hawkins’s doth call it a shark’), but it is not known where they got it from. A resemblance to Austrian dialect schirk ‘sturgeon’ has been noted. Also not clear is whether shark ‘swindler’ (first recorded in the 18th century) is the same word; an alternative possibility is that it came from German schurke ‘scoundrel’.

shark (n.)

1560s, of uncertain origin; apparently the word and the first specimen were brought to London by Capt. John Hawkins's second expedition (landed 1565; see Hakluyt).

There is no proper name for it that I knowe, but that sertayne men of Captayne Haukinses doth call it a 'sharke' [handbill advertising an exhibition of the specimen, 1569]

The meaning "dishonest person who preys on others," though attested only from 1599 (sharker "artful swindler" in this sense is from 1594), may be the original sense, later transferred to the large, voracious marine fish. If so, it is possibly from German Schorck, a variant of Schurke "scoundrel, villain," agent noun of Middle High German schürgen (German schüren) "to poke, stir."

But on another theory, the English word is from a Mayan word, xoc, which might have meant "shark." Northern Europeans seem not to have been familiar with sharks before voyages to the tropics began. A slightly earlier name for it in English was tiburon, via Spanish (where it is attested by 1520s), from the Carib name for the fish.

The English word was applied (or re-applied) to voracious or predatory persons, on the image of the fish, from 1707 (originally of pick-pockets); loan shark is attested from 1905. Sharkskin (1851) was used for binding books, etc. As the name of a type of fabric held to resemble it, it is recorded from 1932.

There is the ordinary Brown Shark, or sea attorney, so called by sailors; a grasping, rapacious varlet, that in spite of the hard knocks received from it, often snapped viciously at our steering oar. [Herman Melville, "Mardi"]

shark (v.)

c. 1600, "to live by one's wits," of uncertain origin (see shark (n.)); according to OED, at least partly a variant of shirk. Meaning "obtain by sharking" is from 1610s. Related: Sharked; sharking.

shark 英文释义

1. any of numerous elongate mostly marine carnivorous fishes with heterocercal caudal fins and tough skin covered with small toothlike scales

2. a person who is ruthless and greedy and dishonest

3. a person who is unusually skilled in certain ways;

"a card shark"

shark 双语例句

1. The shark was writhing around wildly, trying to get free.

鲨鱼拼命挣扎，试图逃脱。

来自柯林斯例句

2. The shark dived down and swam under the boat.

鲨鱼急速潜入水中，在船下游动。

来自柯林斯例句

3. a shark's dorsal fin

鲨鱼的背鳍

来自《权威词典》

4. Panic swept through the swimmers as they saw the shark approaching.

游泳的人看见鲨鱼靠近时一片惊慌.

来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

5. They were killed by a man - eating shark.

他们被一条吃人的鲨鱼所害.

来自《简明英汉词典》

shark 实用场景例句

Beware the sharks when you are making up your mind how to invest.

当你决定如何投资时要提防诈骗者。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Other Ingredients : Gelatin, Glycerin. This product contains fish ( shark ) ingredients.

凝胶, 甘油. 本品含有鱼 ( 鲨鱼 ) 成分.

期刊摘选

The shark is a large fish.

鲨鱼是一种大型鱼.

期刊摘选

The shark , excited by the smell of blood and the chase, went after him.

那条鲨鱼受到血腥味以及捕食的刺激,紧追在他后头.

辞典例句

Since the shark has been on display, aquarium attendance has increased.

由于该鲨鱼的展出, 水族馆观众增加了.

期刊摘选

He leaned loose piece of the meat of the fish where the shark had cut him.

他靠在船边,从大鱼被鲨鱼咬破的地方撕下一块肉,放在嘴里咀嚼起来.

期刊摘选

Despite the widespread fear of these enormous predators white shark attacks are rarely fatal.

虽然大白鲨能引起人们普遍的恐惧感,但它们的攻击很少是致命的.

期刊摘选

She says the Government must follow other jurisdictions and stop shark finning altogether.

她说政府必须制定另外的法律同时要阻止鲨鱼被捕事件.

期刊摘选

Do not enter water when the shark warning flag and the red flag are hoisted.

鲨鱼旗及红旗同时悬挂时,切勿下水.

期刊摘选

Frank : But there is a shark coming toward us now.

但是前面有只鲨鱼正朝著我们来啊!

期刊摘选

He is the first to spy the triangle fin of a shark came towards us.

他第一个发现一条鲨鱼的三角形鳍向我们游来.

期刊摘选

He suddenly found his tongue again, and pausing only to ask if it was a shark.

他突然再次张口, 仅仅询问它是否是个鲨鱼.

期刊摘选

Mr Weiner offers colourful observations, even when he samples hakarl, or rotten shark, an Icelandic speciality.

魏纳先生进行了许多饶有趣味的观察, 甚至提到了“哈卡尔”, 即腐烂的鲨鱼, 一种冰岛特产.

期刊摘选

Tilzak has taken his pretend search for shark fins to the Sunken City.

Tilzak将他假装寻找鲨鱼鳍改到沉陷都市进行.

期刊摘选

Idea 1 : The shark got trapped tide. What does Mark do when he sees the shark?

想法 一: 这只鲨鱼因海水退潮而被困住,马克看到鲨鱼会做何反应?

期刊摘选

Panic swept through the swimmers as they saw the shark approaching.

游泳的人看见鲨鱼靠近时一片惊慌.

《现代汉英综合大词典》

But the shark jerked backwards as he rolled and the knife blade snapped.

但是鲨鱼朝后猛地一扭,打了个滚,刀刃啪地一声断了.

期刊摘选

It's the sin of greed that brings the monster, the Jaws , the shark, into Amity.

就是他们的贪婪把恶魔, 酋斯, 鲨鱼引到了 艾米特镇.

期刊摘选

The blade of the oar was bitten off by a shark.

浆叶被一条鲨鱼咬掉了.

期刊摘选

Thousands of sharks are hunted in Asia for special foods , such as shark fin soup.

在亚洲,成千上万的鲨鱼被捕杀, 做成了鱼翅汤之类的特色菜肴.

期刊摘选

It is said that one of the most dangerous sharks is White Shark.

据说大白鲨是最危险的一种鲨鱼.

期刊摘选

Aftermarried, they fished for shark together, canoed on wild rivers.

婚后, 他们一起捕捞鲨鱼, 一起在湍急的河水中独木泛舟.

期刊摘选

Thrope is called the big Black Shark.

索普被称为大黑鲨.

期刊摘选

The shark snapped his leg.

鲨鱼一口咬掉了他的腿.

期刊摘选

That's the Tiger Shark . It's one of the most dangerous sharks in the world.

那是虎鲨,世界上最危险的鲨鱼之一.

期刊摘选

The shark was writhing around wildly, trying to get free.

鲨鱼拼命挣扎，试图逃脱。

柯林斯例句

The shark dived down and swam under the boat.

鲨鱼急速潜入水中，在船下游动。

柯林斯例句