英汉词典

fast 基本解释

• adj. 快速的，迅速的；紧的，稳固的
• adv. 迅速地；紧紧地；彻底地
• vi. 禁食，斋戒
• n. 斋戒；绝食
• n. (Fast)人名；(德、英、俄、芬、捷、瑞典)法斯特

fast 词态变化

fast 中文词源

来自PIE*past,固定，稳固，进一步来自PIE*pag, 固定，连接，词源同fang, pact.用于宗教术语斋戒，绝食。同时由稳固的衍生词义快速的。类似词义演变参照very, 原义真实的，fair, 原义美丽的，或汉语成语欲速则不达。

fast 英文词源

fast

fast: [OE] Widely dissimilar as they now seem, fast ‘quick’ and fast ‘abstain from food’ in fact come from the same ultimate source. This was Germanic *fastuz, which denoted ‘firm’. That underlying sense persists in various contexts, such as ‘hold fast’ and ‘fast friend’. The verbal application to ‘eating no food’ originated in the notion of ‘holding fast to a particular observance’ – specifically, abstinence from food.

The use of fast for ‘quick’ is a much later development, dating from the 13th century. It probably comes from a perception of fast ‘firm’ containing an underlying connotation of ‘extremity’ or ‘severity’.

fast (adj.)

Old English fæst "firmly fixed, steadfast, constant; secure; enclosed, watertight; strong, fortified," probably from Proto-Germanic *fastu- "firm, fast" (cognates: Old Frisian fest, Old Norse fastr, Dutch vast, German fest), from PIE root *past- "firm, solid" (source of Sanskrit pastyam "dwelling place").

Meaning "rapid, quick" is from 1550s, from the adverb (q.v.). Of colors, from 1650s; of clocks, from 1840. The sense of "living an unrestrained life, eager in pursuit of pleasure" (usually of women) is from 1746 (fast living is from 1745). Fast buck recorded from 1947; fast food is first attested 1951. Fast lane is by 1966; the fast track originally was in horse-racing (1934), one that permits maximum speed; figurative sense by 1960s. Fast-forward is by 1948, originally of audio tape.

fast (v.)

"abstain from food," Old English fæstan "to fast" (as a religious duty), also "to make firm; establish, confirm, pledge," from Proto-Germanic *fastan "to hold fast, observe abstinence" (cognates: Old Frisian festia, Old High German fasten, German fasten, Old Norse fasta "abstain from food"), from the same root as fast (adj.).

The original meaning in prehistoric Germanic was "hold firmly," and the sense evolved via "have firm control of oneself," to "hold oneself to observance" (compare Gothic fastan "to keep, observe," also "to fast"). Perhaps the Germanic sense shifted through use of the native words to translate Medieval Latin observare in its sense "to fast." The verb in the sense "to make fast" continued in Middle English, but was superseded by fasten. Related: Fasted; fasting.

fast (n.)

"act of fasting," late Old English fæsten "voluntary abstinence from food and drink or from certain kinds of food," especially, but not necessarily, as a religious duty; either from the verb in Old English or from Old Norse fasta "a fast, fasting, season for fasting," from a Proto-Germanic noun formed from the verbal root of fast (v.). In earlier Old English fæsten meant "fortress, cloister, enclosure, prison."

fast (adv.)

Old English fæste "firmly, securely; strictly;" also, perhaps, "speedily," from Proto-Germanic *fasto (cognates: Old Saxon fasto, Old Frisian feste, Dutch vast, Old High German fasto, German fast "firmly, immovably, strongly, very"), from *fastu- (adj.) "firm, fast" (see fast (adj.)).

The meaning "quickly, swiftly, rapidly" was perhaps in Old English, certainly by c. 1200, probably from or developed under influence of Old Norse fast "firmly, fast." This sense developed, apparently in Scandinavian, from that of "firmly, strongly, vigorously" (to run hard means the same as to run fast; also compare fast asleep, also compare Old Norse drekka fast "to drink hard," telja fast "to give (someone) a severe lesson"). Or perhaps from the notion of a runner who "sticks" close to whatever he is chasing (compare Old Danish fast "much, swiftly, at once, near to, almost," and sense evolution of German fix "fast, fixed; fast, quick, nimble," from Latin fixus). The expression fast by "near, close, beside" also is said to be from Scandinavian. To fast talk someone (v.) is recorded by 1946.

fast 词组搭配

fast 英文释义

1. abstaining from food

fast 同义词解析

fast, quick, rapid, swift, hasty, prompt, speedy, instant

这几个形容词都有"快，迅速"之意。

fast： 常指人或物持续地高速运动，强调运动的方式。

quick： 特指瞬时动作，强调动作敏捷迅速；也指匆忙的行为，而不暗示速度很快。

rapid比fast和quick正式，常指运动本身，侧重速度惊人。所指动作可能是短暂的，也可能是持续的。

swift： 正式用词，强调非常迅速，往往含动作轻快敏捷之意。

hasty： 多指匆忙、草率或仓促的行动，着重缺乏深思熟虑。

prompt： 主要指动作迅速，毫不拖延，含"快得令人愉悦"的意味。

speedy： 指人或物或其运动、活动时，着重极度的快捷，多含匆忙意味。

instant： 指某事很快发生或急待解决，含刻不容缓之意。

fast 双语例句

1. Megamalls and fast food restaurants line the highway system.

公路系统沿线有大型商场和快餐店。

来自柯林斯例句

2. The auguries of death are fast gathering round his head.

死亡凶兆迅速地在他脑海中盘旋。

来自柯林斯例句

3. Word has been spreading fast of the incidents on the streets.

有关街头骚乱的消息迅速传播开来。

来自柯林斯例句

4. Daly was a fast-talking Irish-American who had started out as a salesman.

达利是个花言巧语的爱尔兰裔美国人，最初是干推销员的。

来自柯林斯例句

5. The band was starting to play a fast, loud number.

乐队奏起一首很大声的快歌。

来自柯林斯例句

fast 实用场景例句

a fast car/horse

速度快的汽车 / 马

牛津词典

the world's fastest runner

世界最快的赛跑运动员

牛津词典

the fastest rate of increase for years

多年来最高的增长率

牛津词典

a fast response time

迅速的反应时间

牛津词典

a fast learner

领悟快的学习者

牛津词典

a fast road/pitch

快车道；快速球场

牛津词典

I'm early─my watch must be fast.

我早了——我的表肯定快了。

牛津词典

That clock's ten minutes fast.

那座钟快十分钟。

牛津词典

He made the boat fast .

他把船系牢了。

牛津词典

In his latest movie, the action is fast and furious.

在他的最新电影中，情节起伏跌宕。

牛津词典

Don't drive so fast!

别把车开得这么快！

牛津词典

How fast were you going?

当时你们走得有多快？

牛津词典

I can't go any faster.

我不能走得更快了。

牛津词典

The water was rising fast.

水迅猛上涨。

牛津词典

Her heart beat faster.

她的心跳加快。

牛津词典

He told supporters to stand fast over the next few vital days.

他叫支持者在接下来的几个重要日子里站稳立场。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The fabric was ironed to make the colours fast.

为防止掉色，织物已经过熨烫。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Life in Detroit no longer satisfied him; he wanted the fast life of California.

他不再满意底特律的生活，想要过加利福尼亚那种刺激快乐的生活。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

I fasted for a day and half and asked God to help me.

我斋戒了一天半，祈求上帝伸出援手。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

When he went upstairs five minutes later, she was fast asleep.

他5分钟后上楼时，她已睡熟。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

There have been people who have played fast and loose with the rules.

有人在玩弄这些规则。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

No doubt someone had pulled a fast one on her over a procedural matter.

无疑有人在程序性问题上骗了她。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

We can only try to hold fast to the age-old values of honesty, decency and concern for others...

我们只能努力坚守那些古老的价值观：诚实、正派、关心他人。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

...fast cars with flashing lights and sirens...

闪着灯、鸣着笛、飞速行驶的车辆

柯林斯高阶英语词典

Brindley was known as a very, very fast driver...

众所周知，布林德利是个喜欢飞车的人。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

When you've got a crisis like this you need professional help — fast!...

当你遇到这样的危急情况，就需要专业救援了——要快！

柯林斯高阶英语词典

We'd appreciate your leaving as fast as possible.

如果您能尽快离开，我们将不胜感激。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

That clock's an hour fast.

那个钟快了一个小时。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

She climbed the staircase cautiously, holding fast to the rail...

她紧紧地抓着栏杆，小心翼翼地爬楼梯。

柯林斯高阶英语词典

The tanker is stuck fast on the rocks.

油轮紧卡在礁石中间动弹不得。

柯林斯高阶英语词典